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Date: Thu, 30 May 2019 11:00:33 -0600
From: Tycho Andersen <tycho@...ho.ws>
To: gcc@....gnu.org
Cc: kernel-hardening@...ts.openwall.com
Subject: unrecognizable insn generated in plugin?
Hi all,
I've been trying to implement an idea Andy suggested recently for
preventing some kinds of ROP attacks. The discussion of the idea is
here:
https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/DFA69954-3F0F-4B79-A9B5-893D33D87E51@amacapital.net/
Right now I'm struggling to get my plugin to compile without crashing. The
basic idea is to insert some code before every "pop rbp" and "pop rsp"; I've
figured out how to find these instructions, and I'm inserting code using:
emit_insn(gen_rtx_XOR(DImode, gen_rtx_REG(DImode, HARD_FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM),
gen_rtx_MEM(DImode, gen_rtx_REG(DImode, HARD_FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM))));
The plugin completes successfully, but GCC complains later,
kernel/seccomp.c: In function ‘seccomp_check_filter’:
kernel/seccomp.c:242:1: error: unrecognizable insn:
}
^
(insn 698 645 699 17 (xor:DI (reg:DI 6 bp)
(mem:DI (reg:DI 6 bp) [0 S8 A8])) "kernel/seccomp.c":242 -1
(nil))
during RTL pass: shorten
kernel/seccomp.c:242:1: internal compiler error: in insn_min_length, at config/i386/i386.md:14714
I assume this is because some internal metadata is screwed up, but I have no
clue as to what that is or how to fix it. My gcc version is 8.3.0, and
config/i386/i386.md:14714 of that tag looks mostly unrelated.
I had problems earlier because I was trying to run it after *clean_state which
is the thing that does init_insn_lengths(), but now I'm running it after
*stack_regs, so I thought it should be ok...
Anyway, the full plugin draft is below. You can run it by adding
CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_HEAPLEAP=y to your kernel config.
Thanks!
Tycho
>From 83b0631f14784ce11362ebd64e40c8d25c0decee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tycho Andersen <tycho@...ho.ws>
Date: Fri, 19 Apr 2019 19:24:58 -0600
Subject: [PATCH] heapleap
Signed-off-by: Tycho Andersen <tycho@...ho.ws>
---
scripts/Makefile.gcc-plugins | 8 ++
scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig | 4 +
scripts/gcc-plugins/heapleap_plugin.c | 189 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 201 insertions(+)
diff --git a/scripts/Makefile.gcc-plugins b/scripts/Makefile.gcc-plugins
index 5f7df50cfe7a..283b81dc5742 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile.gcc-plugins
+++ b/scripts/Makefile.gcc-plugins
@@ -44,6 +44,14 @@ ifdef CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_ARM_SSP_PER_TASK
endif
export DISABLE_ARM_SSP_PER_TASK_PLUGIN
+gcc-plugin-$(CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_HEAPLEAP) += heapleap_plugin.so
+gcc-plugin-cflags-$(CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_HEAPLEAP) \
+ += -DHEAPLEAP_PLUGIN
+ifdef CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_HEAPLEAP
+ DISABLE_HEAPLEAP_PLUGIN += -fplugin-arg-heapleap_plugin-disable
+endif
+export DISABLE_HEAPLEAP_PLUGIN
+
# All the plugin CFLAGS are collected here in case a build target needs to
# filter them out of the KBUILD_CFLAGS.
GCC_PLUGINS_CFLAGS := $(strip $(addprefix -fplugin=$(objtree)/scripts/gcc-plugins/, $(gcc-plugin-y)) $(gcc-plugin-cflags-y))
diff --git a/scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig b/scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig
index 74271dba4f94..491b9cd5df1a 100644
--- a/scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig
+++ b/scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig
@@ -226,4 +226,8 @@ config GCC_PLUGIN_ARM_SSP_PER_TASK
bool
depends on GCC_PLUGINS && ARM
+config GCC_PLUGIN_HEAPLEAP
+ bool "Prevent 'pop esp' type instructions from loading an address in the heap"
+ depends on GCC_PLUGINS
+
endif
diff --git a/scripts/gcc-plugins/heapleap_plugin.c b/scripts/gcc-plugins/heapleap_plugin.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5051b96d79f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/gcc-plugins/heapleap_plugin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/*
+ * This is based on an idea from Andy Lutomirski described here:
+ * https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/DFA69954-3F0F-4B79-A9B5-893D33D87E51@amacapital.net/
+ *
+ * unsigned long offset = *rsp - rsp;
+ * offset >>= THREAD_SHIFT;
+ * if (unlikely(offset))
+ * BUG();
+ * POP RSP;
+ */
+
+#include "gcc-common.h"
+
+__visible int plugin_is_GPL_compatible;
+static bool disable = false;
+
+static struct plugin_info heapleap_plugin_info = {
+ .version = "1",
+ .help = "disable\t\tdo not activate the plugin\n"
+};
+
+static bool heapleap_gate(void)
+{
+ tree section;
+
+ /*
+ * Similar to stackleak, we only do this for user code for now.
+ */
+ section = lookup_attribute("section",
+ DECL_ATTRIBUTES(current_function_decl));
+ if (section && TREE_VALUE(section)) {
+ section = TREE_VALUE(TREE_VALUE(section));
+
+ if (!strncmp(TREE_STRING_POINTER(section), ".init.text", 10))
+ return false;
+ if (!strncmp(TREE_STRING_POINTER(section), ".devinit.text", 13))
+ return false;
+ if (!strncmp(TREE_STRING_POINTER(section), ".cpuinit.text", 13))
+ return false;
+ if (!strncmp(TREE_STRING_POINTER(section), ".meminit.text", 13))
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return !disable;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that:
+ *
+ * unsigned long offset = *rbp - rbp;
+ * offset >>= THREAD_SHIFT;
+ * if (unlikely(offset))
+ * BUG();
+ * pop rbp;
+ *
+ * (we should probably do the same for rsp?)
+ */
+static void heapleap_add_check(rtx_insn *insn)
+{
+ rtx_insn *seq_head;
+
+ fprintf(stderr, "adding heapleap check\n");
+ print_rtl_single(stderr, insn);
+
+ start_sequence();
+
+ /* xor ebp [ebp] */
+ emit_insn(gen_rtx_XOR(DImode, gen_rtx_REG(DImode, HARD_FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM),
+ gen_rtx_MEM(DImode, gen_rtx_REG(DImode, HARD_FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM))));
+
+ /* ebp >> THREAD_SHIFT */
+ /*
+ * TODO: THREAD_SHIFT isn't defined for every arch, including x86.
+ * THREAD_SIZE for x86_64 is 4096 * 2, so THREAD_SHIFT would be 13
+ * there. We should at least compute this from THREAD_SIZE though.
+ */
+ emit_insn(gen_rtx_LSHIFTRT(DImode, gen_rtx_REG(DImode, HARD_FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM),
+ GEN_INT(13)));
+
+ /*
+ * We're inserting right before the final pass, and we're adding some
+ * kind of jump, thus splitting the basic block that is the epilogue.
+ * That probably causes problems, and currently gcc crashes when doing
+ * the final pass after we emit this, so we probably need to do better.
+ */
+ emit_insn(gen_rtx_IF_THEN_ELSE(DImode,
+ gen_rtx_NE(DImode,
+ gen_rtx_REG(DImode, HARD_FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM),
+ GEN_INT(0)),
+ /*
+ * we're really not supposed to BUG() for this stuff;
+ * maybe we should figure out how to call WARN()? might
+ * be painful.
+ */
+ gen_ud2(),
+ /* poor man's no-op, i.e. how do i do this better? */
+ gen_rtx_SET(gen_rtx_REG(DImode, HARD_FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM),
+ gen_rtx_REG(DImode, HARD_FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM))));
+ seq_head = get_insns();
+ end_sequence();
+
+ emit_insn_before(seq_head, insn);
+}
+
+static unsigned int heapleap_execute(void)
+{
+ rtx_insn *insn, *next;
+
+ if (strcmp(IDENTIFIER_POINTER(DECL_NAME(cfun->decl)), "seccomp_check_filter"))
+ return 0;
+
+ for (insn = get_insns(); insn; insn = next) {
+ rtx body, set, lhs, rhs;
+ int i;
+
+ next = NEXT_INSN(insn);
+ if (!next)
+ continue;
+
+ if (!RTX_FRAME_RELATED_P(next) || !NONJUMP_INSN_P(next))
+ continue;
+
+ /*
+ * I don't understand why we need this; but PATTERN(insn) is a
+ * CODE_LABEL, so...
+ */
+ body = XEXP(insn, 1);
+ set = PATTERN(body);
+ if (GET_CODE(set) != SET)
+ continue;
+
+ /* TODO: use SET_DEST() here instead? */
+ lhs = XEXP(set, 0);
+ /* TODO: ebp vs esp? esp only occurs twice in my linked kernel */
+ if (GET_CODE(lhs) != REG || REGNO(lhs) != HARD_FRAME_POINTER_REGNUM)
+ continue;
+
+ /* TODO: use SET_SRC() here instead? */
+ rhs = XEXP(set, 1);
+ if (GET_CODE(rhs) != MEM)
+ continue;
+
+ heapleap_add_check(next);
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#define PASS_NAME heapleap
+#include "gcc-generate-rtl-pass.h"
+
+__visible int plugin_init(struct plugin_name_args *plugin_info,
+ struct plugin_gcc_version *version)
+{
+ const char * const plugin_name = plugin_info->base_name;
+ const int argc = plugin_info->argc;
+ const struct plugin_argument * const argv = plugin_info->argv;
+ int i;
+
+ /*
+ * *clean_state is the pass that does init_insn_lengths(), so we can't
+ * do anything after this, because gcc fails there's not a length for
+ * every instruction in the final pass
+ */
+ PASS_INFO(heapleap, "*stack_regs", 1, PASS_POS_INSERT_AFTER);
+
+ if (!plugin_default_version_check(version, &gcc_version)) {
+ error(G_("incompatible gcc/plugin versions"));
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+ if (!strcmp(argv[i].key, "disable")) {
+ disable = true;
+ return 0;
+ } else {
+ error(G_("unknown option '-fplugin-arg-%s-%s'"),
+ plugin_name, argv[i].key);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ register_callback(plugin_name, PLUGIN_INFO, NULL,
+ &heapleap_plugin_info);
+
+ register_callback(plugin_name, PLUGIN_PASS_MANAGER_SETUP, NULL,
+ &heapleap_pass_info);
+ return 0;
+}
--
2.20.1
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