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Date: Sun, 02 Dec 2018 17:20:15 +0000
From: argante <argante@...me>
To: "musl@...ts.openwall.com" <musl@...ts.openwall.com>
Subject: Re: static linking problem
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Original Message ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
On Sunday, 2 December 2018 01:18, Rich Felker <dalias@...c.org> wrote:
> On Sat, Dec 01, 2018 at 10:07:53PM +0000, argante wrote:
> This does not indicate that the program is dynamic-linked, just that
> it's PIE. Use readelf -l and look for INTERP. If it's present, the
> program is dynamic linked. If it's absent, the program is static
> linked.
>
> > ldd a.out
> >
> > ==========
> >
> > ldd (0x7fb6c936f000)
>
> Is this the musl ldd? I believe it will do this or similar, and that's
> a known bug or at least limitation. It should report that the program
> is not dynamic-linked.
>
> > /lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 (0x7ff0dca25000)
> > libc.so => /lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 (0x7ff0dca25000)
>
> This is dynamic-linked, yes. But there's nothing wrong with your
> static-linked program. If you really don't want pie, use -no-pie or a
> toolchain that wasn't built to produce pie by default (gcc's
> --enable-default-pie option at configure time).
>
> Rich
Rich, thank you for your help.
I did everything step by step from scratch. Maybe it's a long mail, but shows stages and results.
I have a basic tool (make, cp, rm, sed etc.) and musl-cross toolchain in /cross dir (plus symlinks in cross/bin).
# ls /cross/
bin include lib libexec share x86_64-linux-musl
# # cp libc.so from /cross/x86_64-linux-musl/lib/ to /lib
# ls -l /lib/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Dec 2 09:11 ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 -> /lib/libc.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 740888 Dec 2 09:10 libc.so
I also prepared simple scripts in /usr/ports:
# ls /usr/ports/
binutils gcc gmp mpc mpfr musl
MUSL
----
# cd /usr/ports/musl/
# ls
build.sh musl-1.1.20.tar.gz
# cat build.sh
#!/bin/sh
name=$(basename $(pwd))
version="1.1.20"
rm -rf $name-$version
tar zxf $name-$version.tar.gz
cd $name-$version
./configure \
--bindir/usr/bin \
--includedir=/usr/include \
--syslibdir=/lib \
--libdir=/lib \
--enable-gcc-wrapper \
--disable-debug \
--enable-optimize \
|| exit 1
make || exit 1
make install || exit 1
cd .. && rm -rf $name-$version
# ./build.sh
# ls -l /lib/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1624 Dec 2 11:48 Scrt1.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1576 Dec 2 11:48 crt1.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1016 Dec 2 11:48 crti.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 960 Dec 2 11:48 crtn.o
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Dec 2 09:11 ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 -> /lib/libc.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2573588 Dec 2 11:48 libc.a
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 737368 Dec 2 11:48 libc.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 2 11:48 libcrypt.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 2 11:48 libdl.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 2 11:48 libm.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 2 11:48 libpthread.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 2 11:48 libresolv.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 2 11:48 librt.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 2 11:48 libutil.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 2 11:48 libxnet.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 539 Dec 2 11:48 musl-gcc.specs
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2192 Dec 2 11:48 rcrt1.o
# /lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1
musl libc (x86_64)
Version 1.1.20
Dynamic Program Loader
Usage: /lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 [options] [--] pathname [args]
GMP
---
# ls
build.sh gmp-6.1.2.tar.gz
# cat build.sh
#!/bin/sh
name=$(basename $(pwd))
version="6.1.2"
rm -rf $name-$version
tar zxfp $name-$version.tar.gz
cd $name-$version || exit 1
./configure \
--disable-shared || exit 1
make || exit 1
make install || exit 1
cd .. && rm -rf $name-$version
MPFR
----
#!/bin/sh
name=$(basename $(pwd))
version="3.1.4"
rm -rf $name-$version
tar zxfp $name-$version.tar.gz
cd $name-$version || exit 1
CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" \
LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib" \
./configure \
--disable-shared || exit 1
make || exit 1
make install || exit 1
cd .. && rm -rf $name-$version
MPC
---
#!/bin/sh
name=$(basename $(pwd))
version="1.0.3"
rm -rf $name-$version
tar zxfp $name-$version.tar.gz
cd $name-$version || exit 1
CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" \
LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib" \
./configure \
--disable-shared || exit 1
make || exit 1
make install || exit 1
cd .. && rm -rf $name-$version
BINUTILS
--------
I suppose it could be a problem with ld. In this test I used patches from Alpine:
https://git.alpinelinux.org/cgit/aports/tree/main/binutils
# ls
binutils-2.31.1.tar.gz x86-Add-a-GNU_PROPERTY_X86_ISA_1_USED-note-if-needed.patch
binutils-ld-fix-static-linking.patch x86-Properly-add-X86_ISA_1_NEEDED-property.patch
build.sh x86-Properly-merge-GNU_PROPERTY_X86_ISA_1_USED.patch
# cat build.sh
#!/bin/sh
name=$(basename $(pwd))
version="2.31.1"
rm -rf $name-$version
tar zxfp $name-$version.tar.gz
cd $name-$version || exit 1
patch -p1 -i ../binutils-ld-fix-static-linking.patch
patch -p1 -i ../x86-Add-a-GNU_PROPERTY_X86_ISA_1_USED-note-if-needed.patch
patch -p1 -i ../x86-Properly-add-X86_ISA_1_NEEDED-property.patch
patch -p1 -i ../x86-Properly-merge-GNU_PROPERTY_X86_ISA_1_USED.patch
./configure \
--disable-shared \
--disable-static \
--disable-nls \
--disable-install-libiberty \
--enable-threads \
--disable-obsolete \
--enable-lto \
--enable-plugins \
--disable-multilib
make || exit 1
make install || exit 1
cd .. && rm -rf $name-$version
GCC
---
# ls
0001-ssp_nonshared.diff 0010-static-pie-support.diff
0002-posix_memalign.diff 0011-j2.diff
0003-cilkrts.diff 0012-s390x-muslldso.diff
0004-libatomic-test-fix.diff 0013-microblaze-pr65649.diff
0005-libgomp-test-fix.diff 0014-ldbl128-config.diff
0006-libitm-test-fix.diff 0015-m68k.diff
0007-libvtv-test-fix.diff 0016-invalid_tls_model.diff
0008-Revert-PR-driver-81523-Make-static-override-pie.diff build.sh
0009-Revert-RS6000-linux-startfile-endfile.diff gcc-7.3.0.tar.gz
# cat build.sh
#!/bin/sh
version="7.3.0"
rm -rf gcc-$version
tar zxfvp gcc-${version}.tar.gz || exit 1
cd gcc-${version}
patch -p1 -i ../0001-ssp_nonshared.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0002-posix_memalign.diff
#patch -p1 -i ../0003-cilkrts.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0004-libatomic-test-fix.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0005-libgomp-test-fix.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0006-libitm-test-fix.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0007-libvtv-test-fix.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0008-Revert-PR-driver-81523-Make-static-override-pie.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0009-Revert-RS6000-linux-startfile-endfile.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0010-static-pie-support.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0011-j2.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0012-s390x-muslldso.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0013-microblaze-pr65649.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0014-ldbl128-config.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0015-m68k.diff
patch -p1 -i ../0016-invalid_tls_model.diff
./configure \
CFLAGS="-Os -g0" \
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}" \
--enable-languages=c,c++ \
--disable-nls \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-werror \
--disable-libmudflap \
--disable-libsanitizer \
--disable-gnu-indirect-function \
--disable-libmpx \
--disable-libssp \
--disable-symver \
--disable-libgomp \
--disable-fixed-point \
--enable-tls \
--enable-deterministic-archives \
--enable-__cxa_atexit \
--enable-default-pie \
--build=x86_64-linux-musl \
--with-mpc=/usr/local
make -j4 || exit 1
make install || exit 1
cd .. && rm -rf gcc-$version
# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-musl/7.3.0/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-linux-musl
Configured with: ./configure CFLAGS='-Os -g0' CXXFLAGS= --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-nls --disable-multilib --disable-werror --disable-libmudflap --disable-libsanitizer --disable-gnu-indirect-function --disable-libmpx --disable-libssp --disable-symver --disable-libgomp --disable-fixed-point --enable-tls --enable-deterministic-archives --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-default-pie --build=x86_64-linux-musl --with-mpc=/usr/local
Thread model: posix
gcc version 7.3.0 (GCC)
tests:
======
# cat test.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main() { printf("hello..\n"); return 0; }
1. musl-cross gcc
-----------------
# gcc -static test.c
# ldd a.out
ldd: a.out: Not a valid dynamic program
# gcc -static -fpie test.c
# ldd a.out
ldd: a.out: Not a valid dynamic program
# readelf -l a.out
Elf file type is EXEC (Executable file)
Entry point 0x400154
There are 4 program headers, starting at offset 64
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr
FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align
LOAD 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000400000 0x0000000000400000
0x0000000000000f0c 0x0000000000000f0c R E 200000
LOAD 0x0000000000000fe0 0x0000000000600fe0 0x0000000000600fe0
0x0000000000000128 0x0000000000000838 RW 200000
GNU_STACK 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 RW 10
GNU_RELRO 0x0000000000000fe0 0x0000000000600fe0 0x0000000000600fe0
0x0000000000000020 0x0000000000000020 R 1
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00 .init .text .fini .rodata .eh_frame
01 .ctors .dtors .data .bss
02
03 .ctors .dtors
2. New toolchain
----------------
# gcc test.c
# ldd a.out
/lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 (0x7f342831a000)
libc.so => /lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 (0x7f342831a000)
# gcc -static test.c
/usr/local/bin/ld: /lib/libc.a(__libc_start_main.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `.rodata.__init_libc.str1.1' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIC
/usr/local/bin/ld: /lib/libc.a(exit.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against undefined hidden symbol `__fini_array_end' can not be used when making a PIE object
/usr/local/bin/ld: /lib/libc.a(puts.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against hidden symbol `__stdout_FILE' can not be used when making a PIE object
/usr/local/bin/ld: /lib/libc.a(__init_tls.o): relocation R_X86_64_32S against undefined hidden symbol `__libc' can not be used when making a PIE object
/usr/local/bin/ld: /lib/libc.a(__stdout_write.o): relocation R_X86_64_32S against hidden symbol `__stdio_write' can not be used when making a PIE object
/usr/local/bin/ld: /lib/libc.a(ofl.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `.bss.ofl_lock' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIC
/usr/local/bin/ld: final link failed: nonrepresentable section on output
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
I recompiled musl (with a new compiler), and now:
# gcc -static -fno-pie test.c
/usr/local/bin/ld: /tmp/ccJKiFnE.o: relocation R_X86_64_32 against `.rodata' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIC
/usr/local/bin/ld: final link failed: nonrepresentable section on output
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
# gcc -static test.c
# ldd a.out
ldd (0x7f76e24c3000)
# ls -lh /usr/bin/ldd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Dec 2 11:26 /usr/bin/ldd -> /lib/libc.so
# readelf -l a.out
Elf file type is DYN (Shared object file)
Entry point 0x1062
There are 7 program headers, starting at offset 64
Program Headers:
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr
FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align
LOAD 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000308 0x0000000000000308 R 0x1000
LOAD 0x0000000000001000 0x0000000000001000 0x0000000000001000
0x0000000000000f7f 0x0000000000000f7f R E 0x1000
LOAD 0x0000000000002000 0x0000000000002000 0x0000000000002000
0x0000000000000094 0x0000000000000094 R 0x1000
LOAD 0x0000000000002e58 0x0000000000003e58 0x0000000000003e58
0x00000000000002d8 0x00000000000009e0 RW 0x1000
DYNAMIC 0x0000000000002e80 0x0000000000003e80 0x0000000000003e80
0x0000000000000150 0x0000000000000150 RW 0x8
GNU_STACK 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 RW 0x10
GNU_RELRO 0x0000000000002e58 0x0000000000003e58 0x0000000000003e58
0x00000000000001a8 0x00000000000001a8 R 0x1
Section to Segment mapping:
Segment Sections...
00 .hash .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr .rela.dyn
01 .init .plt .plt.got .text .fini
02 .rodata .eh_frame
03 .ctors .dtors .data.rel.ro .dynamic .got .got.plt .data .bss
04 .dynamic
05
06 .ctors .dtors .data.rel.ro .dynamic .got
I still can't understand why musl-cross ldd works correctly, and new toolchain shows such a strange result. Did I overlook something? I even tried -Wl,--no-dynamic-linker.
Best regards
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