1996-2000: more password security tools

John the Ripper by Solar Designer (later also by project contributors)
"Incremental mode" orders candidate passwords for decreasing estimated probability considering trigraph frequencies, yet is able to search a keyspace exhaustively given enough time
Takes advantage of 64-bit CPUs, MMX, bitslice DES (1998+)
pam_passwdqc by Solar Designer
An alternative to pam_cracklib, with support for passphrases
Later became passwdqc tool set co-authored by Dmitry V. Levin

L0phtCrack by L0pht Heavy Industries
Cracks LM and NTLM hashes used by Windows NT