commit d0b5138ba4bccff8a744c99836041ef6322ed39a
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date:   Fri Nov 4 15:23:45 2016 +0100

    patch 8.0.0056
    Problem:    When setting 'filetype' there is no check for a valid name.
    Solution:   Only allow valid characters in 'filetype', 'syntax' and 'keymap'.

diff --git a/src/option.c b/src/option.c
index ebf443b..8eea1f8 100644
--- a/src/option.c
+++ b/src/option.c
@@ -5823,6 +5823,21 @@ set_string_option(
 }
 
 /*
+ * Return TRUE if "val" is a valid 'filetype' name.
+ * Also used for 'syntax' and 'keymap'.
+ */
+    static int
+valid_filetype(char_u *val)
+{
+    char_u *s;
+
+    for (s = val; *s != NUL; ++s)
+	if (!ASCII_ISALNUM(*s) && vim_strchr((char_u *)".-_", *s) == NULL)
+	    return FALSE;
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+/*
  * Handle string options that need some action to perform when changed.
  * Returns NULL for success, or an error message for an error.
  */
@@ -6235,8 +6250,11 @@ did_set_string_option(
 #ifdef FEAT_KEYMAP
     else if (varp == &curbuf->b_p_keymap)
     {
-	/* load or unload key mapping tables */
-	errmsg = keymap_init();
+	if (!valid_filetype(*varp))
+	    errmsg = e_invarg;
+	else
+	    /* load or unload key mapping tables */
+	    errmsg = keymap_init();
 
 	if (errmsg == NULL)
 	{
@@ -7222,6 +7240,22 @@ did_set_string_option(
     }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
+    else if (gvarp == &p_ft)
+    {
+	if (!valid_filetype(*varp))
+	    errmsg = e_invarg;
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FEAT_SYN_HL
+    else if (gvarp == &p_syn)
+    {
+	if (!valid_filetype(*varp))
+	    errmsg = e_invarg;
+    }
+#endif
+
     /* Options that are a list of flags. */
     else
     {
diff --git a/src/testdir/test_options.vim b/src/testdir/test_options.vim
index 21dd7fe..dee435c 100644
--- a/src/testdir/test_options.vim
+++ b/src/testdir/test_options.vim
@@ -48,3 +48,52 @@ func Test_signcolumn()
   endif
 endfunc
 
+func Test_filetype_valid()
+  set ft=valid_name
+  call assert_equal("valid_name", &filetype)
+  set ft=valid-name
+  call assert_equal("valid-name", &filetype)
+
+  call assert_fails(":set ft=wrong;name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set ft=wrong\\\\name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set ft=wrong\\|name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set ft=wrong/name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set ft=wrong\\\nname", "E474:")
+  call assert_equal("valid-name", &filetype)
+
+  exe "set ft=trunc\x00name"
+  call assert_equal("trunc", &filetype)
+endfunc
+
+func Test_syntax_valid()
+  set syn=valid_name
+  call assert_equal("valid_name", &syntax)
+  set syn=valid-name
+  call assert_equal("valid-name", &syntax)
+
+  call assert_fails(":set syn=wrong;name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set syn=wrong\\\\name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set syn=wrong\\|name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set syn=wrong/name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set syn=wrong\\\nname", "E474:")
+  call assert_equal("valid-name", &syntax)
+
+  exe "set syn=trunc\x00name"
+  call assert_equal("trunc", &syntax)
+endfunc
+
+func Test_keymap_valid()
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=valid_name", "E544:")
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=valid_name", "valid_name")
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=valid-name", "E544:")
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=valid-name", "valid-name")
+
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=wrong;name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=wrong\\\\name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=wrong\\|name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=wrong/name", "E474:")
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=wrong\\\nname", "E474:")
+
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=trunc\x00name", "E544:")
+  call assert_fails(":set kmp=trunc\x00name", "trunc")
+endfunc
diff --git a/src/version.c b/src/version.c
index 0b62f9c..f63041e 100644
--- a/src/version.c
+++ b/src/version.c
@@ -765,6 +765,8 @@ static char *(features[]) =
 static int included_patches[] =
 {   /* Add new patch number below this line */
 /**/
+    56,
+/**/
     55,
 /**/
     54,